The Medication Errors Generated By Nurses Nursing Essay

The Medication Errors Generated By Nurses Nursing Essay In many cases, medication errors cause adverse events, and sometimes, the consequences are fatal. Many of these mistakes are avoidable if policies of the hospital governing medication administrations are adhered to. In the U.S. today, most people use prescription medications, over the counter drugs, or dietary supplements. Errors when prescribing or taking these medications has been a problem for patients, insurance companies and the health care industry. The focus on medication errors has stimulated rapid adoption of medication administration technologies such as the bar-code medication administration (BCMA) system. Medication administration is an important nursing task. Work overload, combined with increased numbers of prescribed medications, puts nurses at risk of making serious errors. Medication errors are costly in terms of increased hospital stays, resources consumed, patients harmed and lives lost. Mistakes also have the potential for serious effects on the nurse involved, ra nging from feelings of guilt and fear, to loss of clinical confidence, and disciplinary action as well as job loss. Medication errors happen in the hospital much more than are reported and their reasons are various including errors clinicians make in prescribing medications. A physician writes an order that sometimes contains instructions that if followed, will result in patients getting medications that are harmful to them. They may have had adverse reactions to such medications in the past or the drug may be contraindicated for the purpose for which they were ordered. This research paper will prove that the BCMA system is a reliable technology in reducing medication errors. On the other hand, critical steps omitted by health care providers and nurses often contribute to more than half of the medication errors generated when using the BCMA system. Thus, health care providers and nurses need to be educated on patient and medication safety as well as the accurate use of the BCMA syst em. A clinical policy on the use of the BCMA system will also be developed. For the purpose of research, the medication errors to be discussed will be restricted to the use of the BCMA system by nursing personnel. There are many regulatory guidelines for the administration of medications, but these policies are often ignored by nurses and other healthcare workers, and can result in errors. In the hospitals where we attend our clinical rotations, such as Kaiser and San Francisco General Hospital, medications such as chemotherapy, insulin, narcotics, heparin and magnesium sulfate have been identified as high risk medications. The nurse administering these drugs must have another licensed nurse cross check the order including the patients name and identification number (ID), route, dosage and administration time for accuracy. The second nurse often appends his or her signature to the order without doing or completing the cross-check. Medication error is the inappropriate use of medication that can cause harm to patients. (See Appendix A) Literature review Research and Critique of literature Franklin, OGrady, Donyai, Jacklin Barber (2007) are a group of pharmacists from the School of Pharmacy London and the Department of Pharmacy Surrey, UK, who conducted a before and after study of the BCMA system. They concluded that the closed-loop electronic and prescribing bar-code system reduced medication errors. Strengths of the study are that data were collected with a comprehensive framework and the identification of prescribing error was noted using a validated method. One weakness is that the system was piloted on one ward. A mixed method study by Koppel, Wetterneck, Telles Karsh (2008) from the Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Bio-statistics and the Department of medicine identified fifteen types of BCMA workarounds. Workarounds such as omission of process steps, steps performed out of sequence and unauthorized process steps. Some limitations in this study were that the nurses knew they were being watched using the BCMA and all possible workarounds were not included. H owever, the study suggests that the BCMA is beneficial in reducing medication error. Sakowski, Newman and Dozier (2008) found that medication errors identified by the BCMA system are benign and pose no harm to patients. A limitation of this study is that only errors detected by the BCMA were reviewed and errors did not contain the patients diagnosis. Cina, Fanikos, Mitton, McCrea Churchill (2006) are a group of pharmacists that include a medication safety officer and a director of pharmacy services at Brigham and Womens hospital (BWH) in Boston. The group studied errors generated in the medication repackaging center of BWH, in order to identify and implement improvements to reduce medication dispensing errors. Unfortunately, the study examined only one site and relied on human observers who may have failed to detect errors. See Appendix B According to the book To err is human: building a safer health system medication errors frequently occur during the prescribing, dispensing and administration stages, and preventable adverse drug errors are a leading cause of death in the U.S (Kohn, Corrigan Donaldson, 2000, p.26). The American Hospital Association found that over 33.6 million admissions in U.S. hospitals in 1997 alone, at least 44,000 to 98,000 died of medical error and another 7,000 deaths were due to medication errors (as cited in Kohn et al., 2000, p.26). In addition, Philips et al. noted that a review of some U.S. death certificates, revealed about 7391 deaths caused by medication errors in 1993 (as cited in Kohn et al., 2000, p.32). Researchers Kaushal, Bates, Franz, Soukup, and Rothschild (2007) conducted a statistical analysis and noted that about 49.1% of medication errors were serious and 15% were life threatening. They also found that the cost of medication errors at the 735-bed Brigham and Womens Hospita l is about $1.5 million per year and $1.48 million for a 20-bed tertiary care academy hospital (Kaushal et al., 2007). Fatal or serious medication errors result in additional lengths of stay in the hospital, thus adding to treatment costs. In order to reduce frequent errors, the BCMA was introduced to the health care system by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Institute of Medicine (OMalley, 2008). Sakowski et al. (2008) have found that approximately 3.1% of drug errors are made during hospital stays in the U.S. This finding is astonishing in the sense that the hospital is where people turn to for medical help and not medical injury that can result in death. However, the adoption of the BCMA by most hospitals today, has helped reduce medication errors before they reach patients (Cochran, Jones, Brockman, Skinner Hicks, 2007). With the use of the BCMA, 37% of medication errors were detected by nurses during the dispensing phase and 27%, during the administration phase (Cochran et al., 2007). Furthermore, they noted that the implementation of the BCMA in a 240-bed regional hospital study prevented 1,300 medication errors for a period of eight months (Cochran et al., 2007). Some of these errors were interrupted by the BCMA when medications were going to be given prior to their specified time, or about to be given without a physicians order, or to be given to the wrong patient (Co chran et al., 2007). Due to heavy workloads, busy shifts, error warnings and the bulky nature of the BCMA, nurses find ways to bypass the BCMA system in order to get through busy schedules. These shortcuts often lead to errors in medication administration along with errors generated by the prescribing physician, as well as by the dispensing pharmacy. Medication administration is a complex system that requires coordination among physicians who order the medications, pharmacists who verify and dispense the drugs, and nurses who administer the medications to the patients. Summary Steps in medication administration are initiated when a drug is prescribed by a health care provider. The prescriber writes the patients name, date, medication name, dosage, route (e.g. by mouth), number of tablets/capsules to be dispensed, the prescribers signature, his/her medical license number and Drug Enforcement Administration number (DEA) (numbers assigned to health care providers used for prescribing pain medications). Medication errors occur at this stage and include reasons such as a lack of attention to detail, lack of communication, duplicate medication with the same name but different doses or an illegible prescription order (Benjamin, 2003). Benjamin (2003) also noted that 71% of medication errors are due to poor communication, which can lead to prescribing contraindicated medication for a patient He goes on to give the example of an 80-year old man who was given the pain medication Demerol despite a reported allergy to Demerol. After administration, the patient became unresponsive, had respiratory arrest and suffered hypoxic encephalopathy (lack of oxygen to the brain causing brain damage) (Benjamin, 2003). This incident goes further to show how important it is for physicians to communicate and listen to patients and nurses concerns when prescribing medications. Below is a copy of a poorly written prescription by a healthcare provider. In this example there are 3 different types of medications prescribed for one patient. Although the handwriting is legible, ambiguous writing can lead to misinterpretation and further lead to medication error (Benjamin, 2003). See Appendix C. Steps taken to ensure safety standards include affixing a computer generated bar code on medication containers. Pharmacists are supposed to be the first line of defense in reducing errors; however, pharmacies can contribute to medication errors as shown in the research by (Cina et al., 2006). The pharmacist or pharmacy technician prints and affixes bar codes on medications that are ready for administration. During this process, medication errors occur either due to the placement of wrong bar codes, medications missing bar codes, misspelled medications or medications with two different bar codes (Cina et al., 2006). Furthermore, 59.7% of medication errors occur during the final stages of pharmacy repackaging system, a system of replacing commercial packaging for generic ones, due to incorrect lot numbers and NDCs (Cina et al., 2006). Another research by Cochran et al. 2007 found that medication errors frequently entailed mislabeled medications, medications without bar codes and medica tions with bar codes that would not scan. Therefore, pharmacists need to be more vigilant in checking for bar codes, lot numbers, correct NDCs, correct medication spellings and also verify illegible prescriptions in order to reduce chances of medication errors. Despite the adoption of the BCMA as a medication safety technology, research has shown that nurses still contribute to a majority of medication errors. Koppel et al. (2008) have found that 32% to 60 % (adult pediatric patients) of medication errors occur during the medication administration stage, most of which are caused by nurses because they failed to use the BCMA system. Because medication errors are so prevalent at the administration stage, nurses are mandated to use the BCMA system and are also required to abide by the medication administration guidelines step-by-step, through the final documentation stage. If a step of the medication administration process is missed, the likelihood for medication errors increases. A research by Franklin et al. (2007) confirmed that nurses fail to check patients IDs 80% of the time before giving medications and 16% of medications were given before scanning the patents ID band (Carayon et al.,2007). For example, wrong medications can be interce pted by a nurse if he/she compares the printed medication bar code to the information displayed on the BCMA system. In order to reinforce proper usage, monthly in-service (refresher course) may be required to educate nurses on medication administration as well as the importance of abiding by the hospital policy of medication administration. The alarm sound on the BCMA system also allows nurses to detect medication errors before they get to the patient. But research has shown that nurses often disable and ignore the alarm sound because they claim, the sound is annoying and weird (Carayon et al, 2007). Koppel et al. (2008) found that nurses overrode BCMA alerts for 4.2% of patients charted and for 10.3% of medications charted. Errors were generated because the BCMA alarm was disabled and nurses did not follow administration steps, thus giving medications without confirmation by the BCMA system. The BCMA needs to be equipped with a mechanism that would restrict nurses from bypassing any administration step and this would help to reduce medication error. Also, the BCMA alarms should be configured such that the correct administration steps must be taken before advancing to the next step. For the BCMA to work properly, its advised that it should be charged or plugged in when not in use since it is a mobile machine that is in constant use. Often times, nurses fail to charge the BCMA as advised and when the BCMA loses charge, it shuts down without warning which can lead to data loss (Parker Baldwin, 2008). Data loss causes frustration for nurses; so they decide to skip the BCMA system during drug administration (Parker et al, 2008). When batteries fail, nurses had no immediate means to replace them with charged battery. Use of the BCMA was suspended until the units were recharged (Parker et al., 2008). Since the BCMA system is used constantly for multiple patients, battery life can be preserved by getting a BCMA that uses removable batteries. A removable battery can last for twenty-four hours as well as making sure that there are extra replacement batteries for the BCMA. The BCMA system requires lots of confirmatory steps and a personal log-in process by nurses before a medication is confirmed accurate for administration. Parker et al. (2008) found that nurses were dissatisfied with the log-in process because it requires much time to complete a single log-in. A single log-in process could take up to 2 minutes, consuming up to 48 minutes of nursing time waiting for computer access(Parker et al., 2008). Therefore, nurses cut corners in using the BCMA; they decide to give the medication without using the BCMA and document the action at a later time. This can cause a nurse to administer the wrong medication and to the wrong patient. The BCMA process requires that nurses scan both, the medication and patients ID band in the patients room before administration. In many clinical facilities, the policy is for nurses to dispense the medications, one patient at a time. In fact, the rule is that the nurse, check the medication record of a patient against the pa tients profile in the pyxis (medication storage). If they match, the nurse will then pull out the medications for the particular patient and walk directly to the patients room with the medications and the BCMA system. In the patients room, the nurse scans and checks the medication and name against the patients ID band; if they match, the medication is then administered and documented after administration. Nurses however, do not follow this simple rule in medication administration. The result of circumventing the rule is that nurses walk into a wrong patients room and administer the wrong medication. According to a research by Carayon et al. (2007), the correct sequence for medication administration is as follows: See Appendix D. These steps are critical in verifying that the right medication is given to the right patient. However, they found that nurses often do not follow the steps. For example, nurses were documenting medications before it was actually given to the patient. They c heck and obtain medication before scanning patients ID band (Carayon et al., 2007). To reduce the problem of workarounds, nurses who are caught with multiple medications and wristbands, need to be disciplined. And bar codes can be printed in bold so nurses can acknowledge them. The use of the BCMA requires complete attention in order to avoid mistakes. Patterson, Cook, and Render (2002) have found that nurses are often interrupted for one problem or another during medication administration. Below is a flow chart that shows the various instances when nurses are interrupted during medication administration process. See Appendix C. Medication administration is very critical and to reduce frequent interruptions, the nurse manager should make sure that a charge nurse (a nurse who supervises other nurses without having a patient) is assigned during every shift to help nurses with minor needs such as moving or walking a patient. Nurses should be given more training opportunity to better understand the use of the BCMA as well as its functions. Conclusion The BCMA is still a challenge to health care workers; on the other hand, it has helped to reduce medication errors since its adoption. Health care providers need to help reduce medication errors by putting patients safety first. Nursing staff need to be more cooperative and strictly follow the prescribed guidelines when using the BCMA system during medication administration.

Culture and gender issues in Education Essay

One of the most basic principles of American philosophy is the belief that all people are equal. Equal, where every individual is treated fairly and with respect and that all people have equal opportunities in life. Education plays a key role in the future of every individual. For this reason, the American education system was established. The American education system bases its principles on the philosophies and beliefs of all Americans. The USA consists of many regions and states. It is therefore understandable that in every region, a different culture is practiced. However, as in everything in this world, there are good sides and bad sides to the system. Numerous issues have risen throughout the development of American education. The most popular issues would be those related to gender and nationality. The stereotyping of males and females has been the topic of most gender related issues regarding a student’s ability in attaining good education. This issue so far has not yet reached a conclusion. On the other hand, nationality issues are as complex as gender issues. Foreign students contribute a large sum to the nation’s budget every year. Loss of foreign enrollees therefore would mean lower budgets. Therefore, the number of foreign enrollees per year must be increased if not maintained so as to support the ever financial burdens of the country. Some universities have already taken steps to promote the enrollment of foreign students in the country. Another issue is the availability of good American education to people of all statures in life. To answer the problem, American education has developed policies and other beneficial programs for people with different statures to be able to have access to a good education. Education is important for every individual. It should therefore be taken with sufficient planning as it has great effects to one’s own future. References: Kotok, A. (2007). Foreign Students Return to U. S. Colleges †¦ That’s the Good News. Retrieved August 23, 2007 from http://www. publicdiplomacy. org/73. htm Sadker, D. Gender Equity: Still Knocking at the Classroom Door. Retrieved August 23, 2007 from http://www. american. edu/sadker/stillknocking. htm

Herbal Medicine: Echinacea and Kava Essay

The use of herbal medicine and remedies as opposed to traditional prescription medications is becoming increasingly popular among doctors, therapists, and patients. Many herbs, whether administered in the form of tea, capsules, or simply eaten, have been proven to ease various pains and ailments; and when taken on a daily basis, there are herbs that help maintain overall health and wellbeing (Meuninck, 2008, p. 4). Studies have shown that two herbs in particular, Echinacea and kava, have been effective in treating a series of symptoms including anxiety and depression, headaches, and fibromyalgia (Mindell & Hopkins, 2009, p. 219). The use of these herbs benefits doctors and patients alike, as they offer an alternative treatment to symptoms that many people experience on a regular basis. Echinacea can be commonly found in beauty products, diet supplements, and herbal teas. Due to its ability to balance and maintain the immune system, some people take Echinacea in one form or another every day (Watson & Preedy, 2008, p.  687). This herb, in fact, is among the most popular and widely used dietary supplements in the United States, with people taking Echinacea or a type of derivative from the plant. According to the Southern Medical Journal, Echinacea today is used mostly to treat and prevent upper respiratory tract infection, or URI, which includes the influenza and the common cold—illnesses that account for 40% of the time that Americans lose from work and 30% of the time they call in sick from school (Islam & Carter, 2005, p.  311). It is evident that this particular herb can be used for the treatment of a specific temporary ailment as well as in a preventative manner. As soon as a person feels as if they have a cold coming on, they are advised to begin taking the herb orally in order to combat the spread and onset of the cold or flu virus. Echinacea has scientifically been proven to possess many anti-inflammatory properties, which explains its effectiveness at fighting respiratory problems (Zili et al. , 2007, p. 232). This herb, however, is not only beneficial in terms of warding off common cold symptoms. It has also been able to ease pain and discomfort associated with other diseases as well. First, it is crucial to understand that Echinacea can be an extremely powerful herb that may be used to fight different forms of bacteria, which is why it is used so often when a person has a cold or flu virus. A Canadian study observed six Echinacea extracts that are currently sold commercially, and the effect that those extracts had on 15 human pathogenic bacteria as well as two pathogenic fungi. Five bacteria were especially sensitive to the Echinacea extracts—Streptococcus pyogenes, Legionella pneumophila, Haemophilus influenzae, Propionibacterium acne, and Clostridium difficile—which indicated that the herb did have a significant effect in fighting certain forms of bacteria, such as that which causes strep throat (Sharma et al. , 2008, p. 111). Many factors were taken into consideration, such as the effect of light on the bacteria and fungi, as well as the forms and preparations of the different extracts; and this greatly reduced any assumptions made. This study was quite thorough, although it was limited by the number of extracts, bacteria, and fungi that they were able to test. With the samples they did test, however, they were able to conclude that â€Å"†¦certain preparations of Echinacea†¦ could provide useful protection or symptom alleviation in cases of pharyngitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, and various cutaneous lesions, including acne vulgaris, [and] wound infections†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sharma et al. , 2008, p. 115). Another study outlined in the Journal of Women’s Health also conducted a survey to determine how many women with fibromyalgia turned to herbal treatment as opposed to other forms of medicine. The assumptions were that women were taking herbs because they worked, and not because they were left with no other alternative—that is, fibromyalgia is quite complicated and there are very few medications that can alleviate the pain. The test subjects therefore could have been turning to herbs like Echinacea as a last resort as opposed to taking the herb because it actually helped with their discomfort. Additionally, the limitations of this study are that the group of subjects was not randomly selected, and the results were entirely self-reported. At the end of the study, it was concluded that women with Fibromyalgia were likely to take herbal supplements and use herbal remedies in order to treat the several symptoms associated with their condition (Shaver et al. , 2009, p. 716). This shows Echinacea’s applicability to a wide range of illnesses and symptoms, and how it can be used by naturopaths and other doctors in the treatment of their patients as opposed to over-the-counter medications. Unlike Echinacea, kava is an herb that has received mixed reviews in terms of the safety of its use. Kava is an anxiolytic drug that has been used for hundreds of years by people in the Pacific Islands, yet it is currently banned in the United Kingdom (Ernst, 2007, p. 415). When used in large quantities, it has been shown to have toxic effect on one’s liver; but when administered in safe doses, there are many people who swear by its healing benefits. The Pacific Islanders have been known to use kava as a sedative, a hypnotic, and aphrodisiac, an antiseptic, and a diuretic. Kava has also been popular in Germany, where people use various kava products for the treatment of anxiety, restlessness, and abdominal discomfort (Richardson & Henderson, 2007, p. 418). One of the greatest benefits of kava use, however, is for the treatment of anxiety and depression—especially since those disorders, while mental, can result in serious physical symptoms. An Australian study sought to determine the mental effects of kava by studying a random group of 28 adults suffering from major depressive disorder and anxiety. Assumptions included the test group not taking additional anti-depressants on the side, and that the small dose of kava would be enough to take effect. This study was also limited by the mix of kava with St. John’s Wort (Sarris et al. , 2009, p. 41). Rather than it being administered in a pure form, it was more of an herbal cocktail. Both, a placebo and a kava supplement were administered for four weeks each. At the end of the study, the majority of those in the study group reported having a reduced feeling of depression after taking the kava rather than the placebo. Although they did not report their quality of life or level of anxiety as being significantly improved, it is clear that their overall state of depression was affected by the kava. Regardless of the fact that some professionals believe kava to be dangerous and toxic, its long history in Pacific Island culture far outweighs its risks (Sarris & Kavanagh, 2009, p. 828). Kava has been one of the ways in which many islanders have been able to maintain mental and emotional balance and fight depression without the use of anti-depressants, which are typically linked to dangerous side effects. Consider some of the physical symptoms of depression and anxiety—migraines, muscle tension, and widespread aches and pains. With kava’s abilities to aid in one’s state of depression, people can benefit from the plant’s positive effects on pain in general. So long as it is administered in proper doses, as they do in the Pacific Islands, kava provides people with another option to treat depression and any other symptoms that may be caused by tension or emotional imbalance. Although herbs alone cannot cure all forms of disease or discomfort, these studies illustrates how Echinacea and kava both possess health benefits that may help with several symptoms and disorders. Herbs such as kava may be disputed for their levels of potential toxicity, but many prescriptions pills can prove to be just as dangerous or even more so. Regardless of whether Echinacea or kava can necessarily cure a certain illness, they provide patients and doctors with another option—a natural approach to relieving pain or sickness, as opposed to over-the-counter medications.

Starbucks Operations Management Essay - 1707 Words

Abstract Starbucks Coffee Company was founded in 1971 as a delicate coffee and tea vendor. In 1985, chairman and CEO Howard Schultz altered the business into what it is now - an international coffee brand manufactured on the wisdom of coffee, high-quality goods, and a desire for teaching customers about the values of coffees and teas. Today, Starbucks has expanded from its Seattle roots and markets imported coffee, fine teas, Italian style espresso, cold beverages, food products and coffee fixtures. It has created lifetime relationships with several coffee bean manufacturers and farmers and has linked a solid brand image to all of its 176,000 employees. It manages 17,000 stores in over 49 countries universally and has a durable brand†¦show more content†¦All locations are accessible for families with babies and/or physically challenged customers (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The teams of architects that work for Starbucks are diligent in picking the right location and perfect b rand image for the business (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The company’s retail store ranges in size, which spans from 1,000 to 1,500 square feet (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Buildings, city centers, schools, and highly trafficked shopping areas are typically the locations of these stores (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Starbucks has designed their stores as a place for relaxation (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Customers are provided with the chance to talk with family or friends or simply enjoy a delicious cup of coffee (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The company has marketed their business as a warm place that is open to the public (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). Hence, the facility layout is directed towards a fast and friendly coffee service (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The stores are arranged in an appealing way to the customers (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The arrangement projects a perfect place for a break to breathe (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). The stores provide a happy, comfortable, and positive atmosphere (â€Å"Oxbridge writers.†). This is displayed through the large leather seats, fireplaces, soft couches, andShow MoreRelatedStarbucks Operations Management1076 Words   |  5 PagesAssignment – Operations Management Company STARBUCKS These days Starbucks owns more than 18,000 stores in 62 countries and is the premier roaster and retailer of exclusive coffee in the world. Back in 1971, when the first Starbucks opened, the company already had two intentions to give to people every single day till now: share specialty coffee with friends and help to make the world a little better. In 1981, Howard Schultz, the chairman, president and chief executive officer of Starbucks, walkedRead MoreStarbucks Coffee Operation Management1661 Words   |  7 PagesThe Transformation Role of Operations Management: 3 Starbucks Coffee Hiratage: 3 Starbucks Coffee Mission: 4 Starbucks Supply Chain Objectives 5 Product quality, service reliability and management of operations at Starbucks 6 Introduction: Every business is managed through multiple business functions each responsible for managing certain aspects of the business. Operations management (OM) is the business functionRead MorePrinciples of Operations Management Chapter 1-2-32543 Words   |  11 Pagesend of this session. This was the step, a stimulus towards being a future Business person. And for which it was very vital for me to know how a business organization manages the various processes associated with its goods and services. As a future Operation Manager it’s my responsibility to be cognizant about the know-how of what exactly my roles would then be. I learnt that OM in simple terms is a collection of processes that helps creating a service or a good starting from its input phase givingRead MoreMgt3610 Baruch Outline2686 Words   |  11 PagesBaruch College Zicklin School of Business - Department of Management Dr. Jonatan Jelen COURSE INFORMATION SHEET MGT 3121 Fall 2011 Course Title: Service Operations Management Course Number: MGT 3121 (UFA – CRN 1077), Fr 6:05-9:00 p.m.; room VC 9-150 Name of Instructor: Dr. Jonatan Jelen Department: Management Phone: 917-340-8250 (use for emergencies only!) Office: TBA Office Hours: Fr 5-6 p.m. E-Mail: Jonatan_Jelen@baruch.cuny.edu Course Description (Catalogue):Read MoreEssay about Baker Week Three Assignment Completed 934 Words   |  4 PagesPhoenix Starbucks Coffee Company   Ã‚  Starbucks Coffee Company (Starbucks) has retained our consulting firm to advise them about current issues affecting their ability to optimize operations in today’s economy or changes needed to enhance operations management. This prospectus will identify those current issues related to operations management that are currently a challenge for Starbucks. For a company to remain competitive in today’s marketplace, a company’s management needs to provideRead MoreSQSM OM Starbucks1486 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Student Assignment Covering Form Course/Unit Information Course MBA-On line Unit No. Unit 11 Unit Name Strategic Quality and Systems Management Unit code H/602/2327 Batch E11-E41-SQSM1406 Instructor Information Name Dr. Indranil Bose Phone +971 55 9860258 Skype Email indranil@mywestford.com,indranil@westford.org.uk Assignment Information Full/ Part Assignment Part Assignment Date Assignment Issued 9-06-2014 Date Assignment Due Task-1: 24-06-2014 Student Information (To be filledRead MoreStarbucks International Operations1580 Words   |  7 PagesStarbucks International Operations Starbucks started to decide on expansion by about the mid 1990 s, when the market became saturated. Market saturation is when a company or firm has covered an area so thoroughly with its presence, that it can no longer experience growth. Because of the market saturation, there were declining sales throughout stores. The company s original marketing strategy was to blanket a region with new stores. The idea behind this was to reduce a customer s wait inRead MoreStarbucks International Operations1258 Words   |  6 PagesStrategic Management Dr. Mernoush Banton Statement of Academic Integrity: I certify that: 1. I prepared this document specifically for this class; 2. I am the author of this document; 3. I am fully disclosing and giving proper credit to any outside assistance received in its preparation; 4. I cited sources of information (e.g., data, ideas, charts, etc.) and used this material to support this document. Case Study 5: Starbucks International Operations 1. World wide operations of Starbucks Read MoreOperations Management Report . . Module Title: Operations900 Words   |  4 Pages Operations Management Report Module Title: Operations Management Module Number: BS2108 Module Coordinator: Peter Atorough Word Count: Student Name: Ipek Budak Student Number: 1404100 â€Æ' Executive Summary This report will examine the â€Æ' Contents 1. Introduction 2. Analysis and Discussion of Strategic Business Focus 2.1. Input – Transformation – Output Model 2.2. Five Operations Performance Objectives 3. Identification and Discussion of Operation Processes 3.1. Inputs 3Read MoreValue Chain Analysis (Starbucks)1064 Words   |  5 PagesValue Chain Analysis (Starbucks) Primary Activities: †¢ Inbound Logistic: Starbucks had its agents travelled regularly to coffee – growing countries to establish relationship with growers and distributors. In sourcing green coffee beans, it was increasingly dealing directly with farmer. It normally offered high prices to ensure that the poor small coffee growers have enough money to cover their production cost and for their families. To buy coffee beans, Starbucks used fixed price purchase